Description #
You are given two non-empty linked lists representing two non-negative integers. The digits are stored in reverse order and each of their nodes contain a single digit. Add the two numbers and return it as a linked list.
You may assume the two numbers do not contain any leading zero, except the number 0 itself.
Example:
Input: (2 -> 4 -> 3) + (5 -> 6 -> 4) Output: 7 -> 0 -> 8 Explanation: 342 + 465 = 807.
(From the Add Two Numbers problem description)
Solutions #
Problem API #
# Definition for singly-linked list.
# class ListNode:
# def __init__(self, x):
# self.val = x
# self.next = None
class Solution:
def addTwoNumbers(self, l1: ListNode, l2: ListNode) -> ListNode:
class ListNode:
def __init__(self, x):
self.val = x
self.next = None
def __str__(self):
if self.next:
return f"{self.val}{self.next}"
else:
return f"{self.val}"
Tests #
The problem description can be validated by the following tests:
import os
import pytest
from supplemental import ListNode
# --- helper methods ---
def from_py(*digits):
digits = list(digits)
head_node = ListNode(digits.pop(0))
n = head_node
while digits:
n.next = ListNode(digits.pop(0))
n = n.next
return head_node
def to_py(head):
r = []
while head:
r.append(head.val)
head = head.next
return r
def test_transformer():
""" Make sure that the test tooling works. """
for test_value in [ [1], [1,2], [1,2,3] ]:
head = from_py(*test_value)
print(f"{test_value} ==> {head}")
assert to_py(head) == test_value
# --- END helper methods ---
class BaseTestClass:
def test_vector_from_spec_ok(self):
a = from_py(2,4,3)
b = from_py(5,6,4)
assert to_py(self.addTwoNumbers(a, b)) == [7,0,8]
def test_adding_zeros_ok(self):
a = from_py(0)
b = from_py(0)
assert to_py(self.addTwoNumbers(a, b)) == [0]
def test_adding_carry_ok(self):
a = from_py(5)
b = from_py(7)
assert to_py(self.addTwoNumbers(a, b)) == [2,1]
def test_different_lengths(self):
a = from_py(1,8)
b = from_py(0)
assert to_py(self.addTwoNumbers(a, b)) == [1,8]
Solution 1: iterative \(O(n)\) #
The simplest solution probably is to just iterate over both lists and add the digits. The only “edge” case is that the carry needs to be taken of.
- Time complexity
- \(O(n)\).
- Space complexity
- \(O(n)\).
from supplemental import ListNode
class Solution:
def addTwoNumbers(self, l1: ListNode, l2: ListNode) -> ListNode:
carry = 0
head = None
tail = None
while l1 or l2:
v1 = l1.val if l1 else 0
v2 = l2.val if l2 else 0
sum = v1 + v2 + carry
digit = sum % 10
carry = 1 if sum >= 10 else 0
if head is None:
head = ListNode(digit)
tail = head
else:
tail.next = ListNode(digit)
tail = tail.next
if l1: l1 = l1.next
if l2: l2 = l2.next
if carry:
tail.next = ListNode(carry)
return head
Test Results #
With the following test result:
============================= test session starts ==============================
platform linux -- Python 3.7.5, pytest-3.10.1, py-1.8.0, pluggy-0.12.0
benchmark: 3.2.2 (defaults: timer=time.perf_counter disable_gc=False min_rounds=5 min_time=0.000005 max_time=1.0 calibration_precision=10 warmup=False warmup_iterations=100000)
rootdir: /home/jens/Documents/leetcode.com/002-add_two_numbers, inifile:
plugins: benchmark-3.2.2, profiling-1.7.0
collected 4 items
test_1a-solution.py .... [100%]
============================ slowest test durations ============================
(0.00 durations hidden. Use -vv to show these durations.)
=========================== 4 passed in 0.03 seconds ===========================
Tests ran in 0.17746263899607584 seconds
Summary #
Solution | Correct | Status | Runtime | Memory | Language |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
#1, iterative | Yes | Accepted | 64 ms, faster than 93,77% | 12,6 MB, less than 100% | Python3 |